Was God Being Unfair To Uzzah When He Touched The Ark of the Covenant?
No.
By taking Jerusalem from the Jebusites, David was able to expand his kingdom. He wanted to bring the ark of the covenant to Jerusalem, which would become known as the City of David. In the past, David inquired of God on how he should deal with the Philistines (2 Samuel 5:19,23). In this incidence, however, he sought the advice of the army officers (1 Chronicles 13:1-3). Clear instructions on how to transport the ark had already been recorded in Numbers 4:5-9 (1 Chronicles 15:13). Such instructions were not heeded.
What about Uzzah though? He was not one of the sons of Kohath (the ones authorized to carry the Ark, Numbers 4:15; 2 Samuel 6:3). Not only was Uzzah not authorized to transport the ark, but he was also not supposed to touch it, whether intentionally or accidentally. God is holy and Uzzah was supposed to make a distinction between the holy and the profane. Uzzah's action did not make that distinction (Leviticus 10:1,2 is another example of men who did not make a distinction between the holy and the profane and died).
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